MUSCAT: Oman holds the distinction of being the only country in the world where frankincense is harvested naturally, a practice deeply rooted in its history and culture. The arid mountains of Dhofar, particularly during the Khareef season, provide the perfect climate for Boswellia sacra trees to thrive. These trees produce a resin that, once collected, has been highly prized for centuries, not only for its aromatic qualities but also for its historical economic significance. In ancient times, frankincense from Oman was considered more valuable than gold and formed the backbone of trade routes connecting Arabia, Africa, and Asia.
The harvesting process itself is labor-intensive and requires specialized knowledge passed down through generations. Collectors, known locally as “Al-Khall,” make careful incisions into the bark of Boswellia trees to extract the resin without harming the tree’s long-term health. The gum exudes in tears that harden over several days before being collected by hand. Timing and precision are critical, as the quality and fragrance of the resin depend on the age of the tree and the skill of the harvester. This artisanal approach ensures that Omani frankincense maintains its reputation for premium quality in international markets.
Economically, frankincense continues to play an important role in Oman, though its prominence has diminished compared to modern industries like oil and tourism. Exported mainly to the Middle East, Europe, and parts of Asia, the resin contributes to rural livelihoods, particularly in Dhofar. The government has also taken steps to preserve the Boswellia trees and promote sustainable harvesting practices, recognizing the environmental and cultural significance of frankincense. Local festivals and cultural initiatives further highlight the resin’s enduring importance, drawing attention to Oman’s unique position in the global spice and aromatics market.
Culturally, frankincense remains a symbol of Omani heritage, spirituality, and hospitality. It is widely used in traditional ceremonies, religious rituals, and homes for its soothing fragrance. Beyond its economic and cultural dimensions, scientific studies have increasingly recognized the resin’s therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory and aromatic benefits. This combination of historical, cultural, and medicinal value ensures that Oman’s frankincense industry continues to attract both scholarly interest and commercial demand, reinforcing the nation’s unique status as the world’s premier source of natural frankincense.
