NEW DELHI: India, the third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases globally, has made a bold commitment to achieve net zero emissions by 2070. While this timeline extends two decades beyond the targets set by many industrialized nations, it signals a significant step toward addressing the global climate crisis. Currently, India remains heavily dependent on coal for power generation, a challenge it must overcome to meet its ambitious climate goals. This reliance on fossil fuels has not only contributed to rising global temperatures but also intensified the broader impacts of climate change.
Global warming, fueled by the burning of coal, oil, and gas, is more than just rising temperatures. The increased heat in the atmosphere and oceans triggers a cascade of effects, including more severe weather events. Warmer air retains more moisture, leading to heavier rainfall and more intense storms, while warmer oceans enhance evaporation, further amplifying these phenomena. These changes are becoming increasingly evident, with devastating consequences across the globe.
In India, the impacts of climate change are already apparent. Unpredictable monsoons, prolonged droughts, and severe storms are taking a toll on agriculture, infrastructure, and human lives. The economic costs are mounting, as natural disasters damage property and disrupt livelihoods. For a country with a significant portion of its population dependent on agriculture, these effects pose serious challenges to food security and economic stability.
To transition to a more sustainable future, India must accelerate the adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. While strides have been made in expanding clean energy capacity, the road ahead requires substantial investment and innovation. Achieving net zero by 2070 will demand a unified effort from government, industry, and citizens alike, focusing on reducing coal dependency and implementing policies that prioritize sustainability. The success of this transition will not only benefit India but also contribute significantly to the global fight against climate change.
